Simple Web Server 修改版

恐咖兵糖收录于类别 Rust

2022-04-18 2024-02-24 约 840 字预计阅读 2 分钟次阅读条评论

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本文最后更新于 2024-02-24，文中内容可能已过时。

Rust 权威指南中最后实现了一个简单的 Http-Server ，我尝试修改了下。使其能够简单可用，能解析路径和图片。也就是说，在一个 Hugo 生成的 public 下运行能够正常访问网站。

CODE

首先执行 cargo new p20-web-server

根目录下创建一个 index.html

html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
  <head>
    <meta charset="utf-8">
    <title>Hello!</title>
  </head>
  <body>
    <h1>Hello!</h1>
    <p>Hi from Rust</p>
  </body>
</html>

lib.rs 和权威指南中是一样的，只增加了一个 return_404() 作为默认的 404 主页。

src\lib.rs

rust

use std::sync::mpsc;
use std::sync::Arc;
use std::sync::Mutex;
use std::thread;

enum Message {
    NewJob(Job),
    Terminate,
}
pub struct ThreadPool {
    workers: Vec<Worker>,
    sender: mpsc::Sender<Message>,
}

type Job = Box<dyn FnOnce() + Send + 'static>;

impl ThreadPool {
    /// 创建线程池。传入线程池中线程的数量。
    ///
    /// # Panics
    ///
    /// `new` 函数在 size 为 0 时会 panic。
    pub fn new(size: usize) -> ThreadPool {
        assert!(size > 0);
        let (sender, receiver) = mpsc::channel();
        let receiver = Arc::new(Mutex::new(receiver));
        let mut workers = Vec::with_capacity(size);

        for id in 0..size {
            workers.push(Worker::new(id, Arc::clone(&receiver)));
        }
        ThreadPool { workers, sender }
    }
    pub fn execute<F>(&self, f: F)
    where
        F: FnOnce() + Send + 'static,
    {
        let job = Box::new(f);
        self.sender.send(Message::NewJob(job)).unwrap();
    }
}
impl Drop for ThreadPool {
    fn drop(&mut self) {
        println!("Sending terminate message to all workers.");
        for _ in &mut self.workers {
            self.sender.send(Message::Terminate).unwrap();
        }
        println!("Shutting down all workers.");
        for worker in &mut self.workers {
            println!("Shutting down worker {}", worker.id);
            if let Some(thread) = worker.thread.take() {
                thread.join().unwrap();
            }
        }
    }
}
struct Worker {
    id: usize,
    thread: Option<thread::JoinHandle<()>>,
}
impl Worker {
    fn new(id: usize, receiver: Arc<Mutex<mpsc::Receiver<Message>>>) -> Worker {
        let thread = thread::spawn(move || {
            loop {
                let message = receiver.lock().unwrap().recv().unwrap();
                match message {
                    Message::NewJob(job) => {
                        //    println!("Worker {} got a job; executing.", id);
                        job();
                    }
                    Message::Terminate => {
                        //    println!("Worker {} was told to terminate.", id);
                        break;
                    }
                }
            }
        });
        Worker {
            id,
            thread: Some(thread),
        }
    }
}

pub fn return_404() -> &'static str {
    "<!DOCTYPE html>
    <html lang=\"en\">
      <head>
        <meta charset=\"utf-8\">
        <title>404</title>
      </head>
      <body>
        <h1>404</h1>
      </body>
    </html>
    "
}

src/main.rs

rust

use p20_web_server::ThreadPool;

use std::fs;
use std::io::prelude::*;
use std::net::TcpListener;
use std::net::TcpStream;

fn main() {
    let address = "127.0.0.1:7878";
    println!("Server is Listening http://{address}");
    let listener = TcpListener::bind(address).unwrap();
    let pool = ThreadPool::new(4);

    for stream in listener.incoming() {
        let stream = stream.unwrap();
        pool.execute(|| {
            handle_connection(stream);
        });
    }

    println!("Shutting down.");
}

fn handle_connection(mut stream: TcpStream) {
    let mut buffer = [0; 1024];
    stream.read(&mut buffer).unwrap();

    let requires = String::from_utf8_lossy(&buffer[..]); //读取
    let first_line = requires.lines().next();

    let path = read_the_routes(first_line);
    println!("GET {:?}", path);
    let (mut status_line, filename) = if path.eq("") {
        ("HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\n\r\n", "index.html")
    } else {
        ("HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\n\r\n", path)
    };
    // 读取文件 权威指南中读取为String，要求字符UTF-8。这样不能去读图片等非法UTF-8文件，因此修改了这部分。直接全转为 `Vec<u8>` ,合并然后再 as_bytes
    let mut contents = fs::read(filename).unwrap_or_else(|_| {
        status_line = "HTTP/1.1 404 NOT FOUND\r\n\r\n";
        Vec::from(p20_web_server::return_404())
    });

    let mut response = Vec::from(status_line.as_bytes());
    let _ = &response.append(&mut contents);
    stream.write(&response).unwrap();
    stream.flush().unwrap();
}
/// 用于解析路径，传入请求的第一行，形如`GET /some/main.js HTTP/1.1`。掐头去尾，取第二个'/some/main.js'，然后解析删除第一个字符'/'。其余作为文件路径参数返回
/// explme path in Windows is example/index.html
fn read_the_routes(str: Option<&str>) -> &str {
    let str = str.unwrap_or("GET /error.html HTTP/1.1");
    let str = str.trim().split(' ').collect::<Vec<&str>>();
    let path = str.get(1).unwrap_or(&"/error.html");
    let path = &path[1..];
    path
}

BUG

注意: read_the_routes函数中，返回的路径中的空格，中文等字符并没有处理，因此可能出现找不的问题。
比如寻找 1 1.txt ,但是浏览器会转换为%201.txt。这样直接传入就是错误的。